What else can go wrong on the bike in a triathlon?

• Lapped: in draft-legal elite, under-23, junior, youth and mixed relay races, "athletes who have been lapped during the bike segment will be withdrawn".
• A little early: officials may do it when the rider is less than 100 metres ahead of the leader and sure to be caught.
• Second drafting offence: "will lead to a disqualification in standard distance events or shorter".
• Third: disqualification in middle and long distance events.
• Missing the box: failing to stop at the next penalty box after a drafting penalty is a disqualification.
• No protest: "Drafting violations cannot be protested."
• Blocking: riding so that an athlete behind cannot pass. A yellow card, served at the next bike penalty box.
• Dangerous riding: such as passing on the wrong side, may be penalised.
• Contact: accidental contact followed by moving away is not penalised. Continuing to impede is a time penalty.
• Deliberate: targeting another athlete or causing a crash is a disqualification.
• Riding position: feet on the pedals, hands on the handlebars and seat on the saddle. Forearms may rest on the bars only in draft-illegal races.
• With the bike: no forward progress without it, and the athlete must race on the bike that was checked in.

The glossary has the lapped athlete, the draft penalty, the blocking entry, the aero position, the wheel station, the bike course and the penalty box.

On a short lapped circuit a lapped rider would be swallowed by the lead pack and could shelter in it or disturb it, so the rule removes them, harsh as it is. The forearm rule follows the same logic about packs: a rider stretched out on the bars has no hands near the brakes, which is acceptable alone and not in a bunch.