Gymnastics words · Intermediate

The words that make the commentary make sense. They build on the beginner words.

I · Intermediate · 33 words · Step 2 of 2

Artistic gymnastics events (Women)

Vault groups

The five families of women's vault. They run from no salto to handsprings, Tsukahara (a handspring with a quarter or half turn) and round-off entry Yurchenko and half-turn vaults. In vault finals the two vaults must be from different groups.

Two-vault bonus

In women's vault finals and the qualification that decides them, a gymnast who shows two vaults with saltos in different directions in the second flight, forward and backward, gets a bonus of 0.20 on the average.

Invalid vault

A vault that scores 0.00. Examples are a vault with no support from the hands on the table, a failure to land feet first, help from a spotter, or repeating the first vault as the second in vault finals.

Artistry

In women's artistic, how the gymnast performs on beam and floor: creativity, confidence, personal style, rhythm and, on floor, musicality. It is judged by the E jury, with execution, in the E score.

Dismount bonus

A bonus of 0.20 for a dismount of D value or higher on uneven bars, beam or floor, if it is done without a fall.

See also: Landing, Uneven bars, Dismount, Fall, Cast

Artistic gymnastics events (Men)

Hold

A strength or simple hold element, such as a cross on rings or an L-sit. It must be held for at least 2 seconds. Less than 2 seconds is a medium error, and no stop at all a large error and no credit.

Rhythmic gymnastics terms

D, A and E scores

The final score is the sum of the difficulty (D) score, the artistry (A) score and the execution (E) score. The A and E scores each start at 10.00 and have deductions taken off. Penalties come off the final score.

Dynamic element with rotation

A high throw of the apparatus, at least two full rotations of the body (360 degrees each) under its flight, and a catch. All three parts are needed for it to count, and at most four are counted.

Also called: R
See also: Apparatus

Rhythmic artistry

The artistic quality of a rhythmic exercise: the music, guiding idea, expression, dance steps, contrasts in dynamics and use of space. It is judged by its own jury, which does not consider difficulty, and the music must meet rules on content and length of introduction.

See also: Exercise, Difficulty, Apparatus

Trampoline gymnastics terms

Trampoline scoring

An individual trampoline total is execution (up to 20 points) plus horizontal displacement (up to 10), difficulty and time of flight, minus penalties. Synchronised trampoline replaces time of flight with a synchronisation mark.

Horizontal displacement

How far the gymnast drifts across the bed while jumping; the exercise is meant to keep it as small as possible. It is scored on the H mark from a maximum of 10 points, with deductions taken for each element, and an electronic system measures it.

Also called: H score
See also: Exercise

Trampoline difficulty

Difficulty is calculated from rotation: 0.1 for each quarter somersault, 0.5 for a full somersault, 1.0 for a double, 1.6 for a triple and 2.2 for a quadruple, plus 0.1 for each half twist and some position bonuses.

Whipback

In tumbling, a backward single somersault done at shoulder height or below. It is worth 0.2, and it may be repeated.

Qualification (trampoline)

Trampoline competitions have a first qualification of two exercises, of which the best counts. Where there are enough entries a second qualification follows, and the top eight go through to the final.

Chair of Judges Panel

The official who runs the panel and the electronic system, decides penalties, and is responsible for confirming the final scores. The panel has six execution judges and two difficulty judges.

Also called: CJP
See also: Execution, Difficulty, Judges

Skill terms

Yurchenko vault

A vault that starts with a round-off onto the springboard, then a backward salto off the table. It is in vault group 4. Round-off entry vaults need a safety collar on the board.

Giant swing

A full rotation around the bar with the body fully extended, a foundational skill on bars and high bar.

Aerial

A cartwheel or walkover performed without the hands touching the ground or beam.

Full twisting layout

A tumbling skill combining a straight body flip with a complete twist in the air.

Scale

A balance position on the beam or floor where one leg is lifted and extended while standing on the other.

Release move

A skill on bars where the gymnast lets go of the bar mid swing before regrasping it.

Scoring terms

Connection value

Extra points added to the D score when certain elements are connected directly, with no stop, no extra step and no loss of balance between them. On uneven bars, beam and floor it is +0.10 or +0.20 per connection. Men's artistic has its own connection points on some apparatus.

Also called: CV, connection bonus
See also: Apparatus, Uneven bars, D score, Cast

Composition requirements

Required types of element for each apparatus. Each one fulfilled adds points to the D score, up to 2.00 in all. Men have the same idea as element group requirements, worth 0.5 or 0.3 each.

Also called: CR
See also: Apparatus, D score, Element group

Start value

The old maximum score of a routine before deductions. The current codes use no start value: the final score is the D score plus the E score, which starts at 10.

See also: Exercise, D score, E score, Final score

Neutral deduction

A deduction taken from the final score by the first D judge, not by the E jury, for things such as going out of bounds on floor, overtime or a short exercise. A short exercise loses points by the number of elements missing.

Also called: ND
See also: Exercise, Final score

All-around

A competition in which a gymnast's scores on every apparatus are added: six for men, four for women. The highest total wins. In rhythmic gymnastics it is the four exercises.

Difficulty value

The grade of an element, from A at 0.10 up to J at 1.00 in steps of 0.10. Each element in the tables has one, and a repeated element earns nothing for the second performance.

Also called: DV

Element group

A required type of movement. Each apparatus except floor has three groups, I to III, and a dismount group IV, and floor has four. The exercise needs at least one element from each, and each one earns 0.5 or 0.3 when completed.

See also: Exercise, Apparatus, Landing, Dismount

Non-recognition

When the D jury gives an element no value, for example because it was not held, was done with a spotter's help, or was too far from the correct position. The E jury still deducts for it.

Also called: NR

Intermediate swing

Two empty swings in a row, those at the end of which no element is performed. It is a large error for the E jury, and a single empty swing a medium error.

Apparatus-Specific terms

Cast

A swinging motion away from the bar used to build momentum before a release skill.

Also called: bars

Acro series

A line of acrobatic elements on floor or beam performed one after another. Elements with flight and hand support between saltos can be connected directly or, on floor, indirectly.

Also called: acro line

Dance element

A required expressive movement, such as a leap or turn, included for artistic value.