How are ties broken in trap shooting?
I · Intermediate · Finals and ties · 3 of 4A tie for one of the eight places in the final is settled by a shoot-off: the tied athletes shoot one target each, station by station, until one misses and another hits. Ties for ninth place and below are separated on paper by the countback rule.
How it works
The shoot-off before a final:
- A left and a right target are shown from each of the five stations.
- The tied athletes line up behind station 1, the lowest-ranked shooting first.
- Each in turn steps on, loads one cartridge and shoots one target. Only one shot is permitted.
- If the tie remains after everyone has shot on station 1, they all move to station 2 and repeat.
- The targets alternate: station 1 left, station 2 right, station 3 left, station 4 right, station 5 left, then station 1 right and so on.
- Time: 12 seconds to call after occupying the station, on an electronic timer.
- Absent: an athlete not in position at the start time is declared absent and takes the lower place.
- Several shoot-offs: the one for the lowest place is shot first.
The countback rule, for places not settled by a shoot-off:
- Compare the scores in the last round of 25. The higher score ranks higher.
- If still level, compare the round before that and keep going back.
- If every round is equal, count backwards target by target from the last target of the last round until one athlete has a miss where the other has a hit.
Tricky cases
Nine athletes tie for the last three places in the final. Do they all shoot off?
Yes. Any tie for places 1 to 8 is decided by a shoot-off. Those who miss out are then ranked by countback.
Two athletes tie for twelfth place. Is there a shoot-off?
No. Ties for ninth place and below are ranked by countback, unless a quota place is at stake and the tie cannot be broken.
In countback, is it better to have missed early or late in the last round?
Early. Counting goes backwards from the last target, and the first athlete found with a miss takes the lower place.
Can an athlete load two cartridges in a trap shoot-off to be safe?
No. The gun must be loaded with one cartridge only. A first violation brings a warning and a second makes the target lost.
Why the rule exists
A place in the final is too valuable to be decided on paper, so those ties are shot out. For lower places a shoot-off would hold up the whole programme, and the countback rewards the athlete who finished the stronger.
Where it differs
| Where | What changes | Source |
|---|---|---|
| ISSF rules | As above | ISSF 9.13.4.2; ISSF 9.14.1; ISSF 9.14.2 |
| In the final | Ties for third to eighth go by start number. A tie for gold is shot off at once | ISSF 9.17.4.3 |
| Competitions without finals | Perfect scores share first place. Other ties for the first three places are shot off | ISSF 9.14.3 |
| Teams | The combined score of the team in the last round, then the round before | ISSF 9.13.5.1 |
From the rule book
ISSF Official Statutes, Rules and Regulations, Edition 2025 (second print 07/2026), Shotgun Rules, rules 9.13.4, 9.13.5, 9.14 and 9.17.4.3. Effective 1 July 2026. Checked 14 October 2026. Official document: ISSF Rule Book (PDF).