Judo words · Intermediate
The words that make the commentary make sense. They build on the beginner words.
I · Intermediate · 14 words · Step 2 of 2Judo terms
Seoi nage
A shoulder throw: the thrower turns in under the opponent, loads them onto the back and throws them forward over the shoulder.
See also: Throw
Kumi kata
The grip. At the start of the contest the athletes fight for the grip on each other's judogi. Defensive postures after the grip, and false attacks made without a grip or without trying to break the opponent's balance, are penalised with shido.
See also: Judogi, Contest, Shido
The ruleCan you grab the legs in judo?Ne-waza
Techniques on the ground: hold-downs, chokes and elbow locks. The referee stops it with Mate if there is no evident progress.
Also called: newaza, groundwork
See also: Referee
Scoring and penalties
Shido
A penalty for a slight infringement, such as lack of combativity, an illegal move that is not dangerous, untidy attire or hair, or wasting time. A shido gives no score to the opponent. Two shido are warnings, and the third is hansoku-make.
See also: Penalty, Hansoku-make, Lack of combativity
The ruleWhat is a shido in judo?Golden score
Extra time after a tied contest, with no time limit. Any scores and shido from regular time carry over. The first technical score (yuko, waza-ari or ippon), hansoku-make or kiken-gachi wins. A hold that lasts 5 seconds in golden score is a yuko and ends the contest.
See also: Contest, Ippon, Waza-ari, Shido, Yuko
The ruleWhat is golden score in judo?Waza-ari-awasete-ippon
A second waza-ari in one contest, which counts as ippon and ends the contest.
Lack of combativity
A reason for shido: a defensive posture after the grip, a false attack that clearly shows no intent to throw, or blocking the opponent instead of attacking.
Prohibited acts
Acts that bring hansoku-make include diving head first onto the mat in a throw, applying a lock to any joint but the elbow, a do-jime, kawazu-gake or kani-basami, endangering the opponent's neck or spine, and disregarding the referee's instructions.
See also: Throw, Hansoku-make, Referee
Contest procedure
Sono-mama
A call to freeze the athletes in their positions during ne-waza, without changing grips. The contest restarts with Yoshi.
The ruleWhat do the referee's words mean in judo?Kiken-gachi and fusen-gachi
Wins by default. Kiken-gachi is given when the opponent cannot or will not continue after the contest has started, and fusen-gachi when the opponent breaks a rule, or does not appear, before it starts.
See also: Contest
Kodokan classified techniques
The list of recognised judo techniques kept by the Kodokan. A score needs a technique on the list, or a recognised variation. Some listed techniques are penalised in cadet events, and four are not allowed in IJF events: kawazu-gake, kani-basami, do-jime and ashi-garami.
See also: Judo
Kaeshi-waza
A counter-technique, in which the athlete being attacked turns the attack against the attacker. Using the impact of the landing to complete the counter is not scored.