What is goalball?
B · Beginner · The game · 1 of 3Goalball is a game for blind and visually impaired athletes. Two teams of three, all wearing eyeshades, take turns throwing a ball with bells inside along the floor, aiming to get it across the opponents' 9 m goal line. Defenders listen and dive to block it. A game is two 12-minute halves, and the crowd stays silent during play.
How it works
- Teams: three on court, up to three substitutes.
- Eyeshades: worn by every player.
- Ball: belled, thrown along the floor.
- Goal: the full 9 m width of the court.
- Defence: block with the body.
- Time: two halves of 12 minutes.
- Silence: called before each throw.
- Ten-goal lead: ends the game.
The glossary has the goalball, the International Blind Sports Federation, the team and substitutes (goalball), the ball (goalball), the eyeshades and the quiet please.
Tricky cases
Can partially sighted players take part?
Yes. B1 to B3 all play, wearing eyeshades.
Is goalball played with a sighted goalkeeper?
No. All three players defend blindfolded.
Can the crowd cheer during a throw?
No. Quiet please is called.
Are men and women together?
No. Separate categories.
Why the rule exists
Sound is the only way to track the ball, so silence and eyeshades put everyone on equal terms whatever their sight.
Where it differs
| Where | What changes | Source |
|---|---|---|
| Players | B1 to B3, eyeshades | 6, 7 |
| Teams | Three on court | 8 |
| Game | 2 x 12 minutes | 12 |
From the rule book
IBSA, Goalball Rules and Regulations 2025 (effective 1 January 2025), Introduction and rules 6 to 8, 12 to 14. Checked 14 October 2026. Official document: IBSA Goalball Rules and Regulations 2025.