How do video reviews work in fencing?

• Who may ask: "only the fencer on the piste has the right to request a video review".
• Pools: "one possible appeal during each bout".
• Direct elimination: "two possible appeals".
• Team matches: one appeal for each relay.
• Keeping it:
• The review: the referee walks to the video referee, they watch together and the referee gives the final decision.
• Replays: at most four repetitions of the action, in real time or slow motion.
• The referee's own use: the referee may consult the monitor at any time before making a decision.
• The video referee: may ask the referee to use the video at any time.
• The deciding hit: when scores are level at the end, the referee must use the video before giving the decision on the deciding hit.
• Final: once reviewed, the decision stands and the same action cannot be reviewed again.
• Shown to the crowd: at Olympic and world championship finals the replays are shown on a screen.
• Neutral: the video referee must be of a different nationality from the fencers and the referee.

The glossary has the video refereeing entry, the video referee, the referee, the right of way entry and the deciding hit.

Priority in foil and sabre is a judgement about actions that take a fraction of a second, and one call can decide a medal. Video gives the referee a second look. Limiting the appeals, and letting a fencer keep one that succeeds, keeps reviews for the calls that are worth it.