What counts as a jump combination in figure skating?
I · Intermediate · Singles elements · 3 of 8In a jump combination, the landing foot of one jump is the take-off foot of the next, with no more than one turn on the ice between. In a jump sequence, the second or third jump is an Axel type, reached by a step from the previous landing. The Euler links jumps but has no value itself.
How it works
- Combination: landing foot of one jump is the take-off foot of the next.
- Between jumps: up to one full turn on the ice, without a weight change.
- Sequence: two or three jumps, the later one an Axel type, entered by a direct step.
- Euler (half-loop): a non-listed jump with no value between two listed jumps.
- Euler limits: not in the short program combination; once in free skating.
- Scoring: base values added; the GOE uses the hardest jump.
- Free skating: up to two combinations, or one combination and one sequence; one may have three jumps.
- Short program: one combination of two jumps.
The glossary has the combination jump, the jump sequence, the Euler, the half-loop, the Axel and the toeloop.
Tricky cases
The first jump of a combination fails. Is it still a combination?
Yes. The unit still counts as a combination even if the first jump becomes a non-listed jump.
Can a skater use an Euler twice?
No. Only once, between two listed jumps, in free skating.
Do jumps in a sequence get full value?
Yes. Jumps in a jump sequence receive their full value.
Is a three-jump combination allowed in the short program?
No. The short program combination has two jumps.
Why the rule exists
Linking jumps without a pause is harder than doing them apart, so combinations earn their added value. The Euler is allowed as a link because it makes harder second jumps possible.
Where it differs
| Where | What changes | Source |
|---|---|---|
| Singles | Sequence of two or three jumps | ISU 610 |
| Pairs | Sequence or combination of two jumps | ISU 610, 621 |
| Short program | No Euler in the combination | ISU 611 (4) |
From the rule book
ISU, Sports Rules: Single & Pair Skating and Ice Dance (as of 12 June 2026), rules 353 (1)(h), 610, 611 (4) and 612. Checked 14 October 2026. Official documents: the ISU Sports Rules and the season's ISU Communications.